13.
3. Of the arrivals in 1881, the percentage due to each Nationality is as follows:
Nationality.
Percentage of vessels.
Percentage of tons.
American,
3.82
4.58
British,
71.74
79.75
Chinese (exclusive of Junks),
4.41
4.06
Danish,
1.83
1.38
French,
3.20
5.78
German,.
10.95
7.29
Japanese,.
0.81
1.01
Siamese,
0.65
0.36
Spanish,
1.18
0.48
The remainder,
1.86
1.28
4. 2,750 vessels propelled by Steam, and 2,599,460 tons arrived in 1881, as against 2,465 steam vessels and 2,316,121 tons arrived in 1880, or an increase of 285 vessels and 283,339 tons. The following table will show the Nationality of the steam vessels arrived in each
Nationality.
EMIGRATION.
8. Emigration during the year has been largely on the increase, 20,300 Chinese having left this Port in 1881 in excess of the number leaving Hongkong the previous year.
It is a strange commentary on the recent Convention, entered into between the United States of America and China for the purpose of checking emigration, to find that 14,127 more Chinese have been introduced into those States than landed there in 1880, and Chinese are still going over in large numbers, for the purpose of constructing new Railroads. The Chinese on arrival get high wages and the protection of the law, and their condition in America is far superior to what they experience in their native country..
9. The Australian Governments have adopted a more practical means of putting a stop to the Immigration of Chinese into those Colonies, by laws which in their effect almost completely prohibit a Chinaman from seeking his living on that Continent. How far this prohibition is in accordance with the existing Treaties with China, and the expediency of shutting out the most sober and industrious race in the world from a Continent wanting labourers, are not matters for discussion in this report.
10. The Northern Territory of South Australia still admits Chinese, but the inducement to go there does not seem to be very encouraging, as only 172 left for Port Darwin in 1881, while 2,268 left for that Port in 1880.
There is a large and increasing emigration to the Straits Settlements, there being an excess of 5,400 over the number leaving Hongkong the previous year. Employment is found for them, not alone in the Straits Settlements, but in the Malay States, and in the neighbouring Island of Sumatra. 11. The following tables will show the number of emigrants that have passed through this Office between the years 1872 and 1881, inclusive, together with the Countries to which they proceeded; also the number of Chinese returned to the Colony during the same period:-
1880.
1881.
Increase.
year :-
Decrease.
No. of vessels.
'Tons.
No. of vessels.
Tons.
No. of vessels.
Tons.
No. of vessels.
Tons.
American,
64
53,850
41
48,439
23
5,211
Annamese,
2
Austrian,
2
8,179
10
272 14,465
2
8
272 11,286
Belgian,
1,125
1
1,126
British,
1,946
1,821,705
2,184
2,033,986 218
212,281
NUMBERS IN.
TOTAL
Chinese (foreign bottoms),
154
125,869 142
115,926
12
9,943
Danish,
18
5,950
50
36,392
42
30,442
Dutch,
COUNTRIES PROCEEDED TO.
IN THE LAST 10
13
12,191
10
8,858
3
3,333
1872. 1873.
1874. 1875,
1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880, 1881.
YEARS.
French,
81
153,511
80
155,897
2,986
1
German,
115
90,657
178
135,449
03
44,799
Japanese,
27
25,635
26
28,869
3,234
240
240
Norwegian,
1,810
British Columbia,
2
Russian,
1,810
2
2,274
British Guiana
::
::
506
506
10
Spanish,
50
18,565 37
7,585 13,872
8
5,261
15
15
Calcutta,
13
5,193
California, U.S.A.
New South Wales, -
New Zealand,
178
560 766
Oregon, U.S.A.
1,215
Philippine Islands,
952
994 2,447
545 2,658
Queensland,
220
Sandwich Islands, Siam,
111
786
344
1,044 | 2,387
6,340 9,562 9,147 16,640 15,988 19,168 | 14,034
507
· 40
261
775 312
3,142 478 48 121 580 015 1,083 1,284 2,714
774 582 8,618 6,782 6,530 1,118 1,102 3,200 4,259
6,811 793
6,936 19,839 123,264
2,082 3,643
10,555
345
135
7
2,638
1,764
2,208
1,021 2,044
12,369
277
235
216
11,557
64
81
84
86
22,947
2,331
3,989 4,374 6,305 6,635
33,273
97 1,812
1,771 2,268 172 6,120
5. The trade in sailing vessels (exclusive of Junks) has also increased, there having been 464 vessels and 253,819 tons arrived in 1881, as against 416 vessels and 219,466 tons arrived in 1880. Of this increase 15 vessels and 13,697 tons were under the British flag, and 33 vessels with 20,656 tons were under the flags of Nations not British.
6. There is an increase of 17,488 tons from the Australian Colonies, and there is a small decrease of tonnage to those Colonies. The excess of arrivals over departures is caused by vessels carrying Cargo from England to Australia, loading there with Coals for China, and returning to England with Chinese and Japanese produce. There is an increase (including Junks) of 190,351 tons from, and an increase of 161,178 tons to the Coast of China and Formosa. There is an increase of 44,945 tons from, and of 9,505 tons direct to Great Britain, but the actual tonnage to and from Great Britain cannot be ascertained, as the greater number of vessels proceeding there clear for, and enter here from Singapore, and in the absence of an Export and Import office it is impossible to distinguish between what tonnage is for, or what is from Great Britain, and what is for, or from the intermediate Ports. There is a decrease of 9,568 tons from Ports in Japan, and an increase of 21,773 tons to those Ports. There is a steady and increasing trade in European vessels and Junks between Hongkong, the Island of Hainan, and Ports in the Gulf of Tonquin, an increase of 15,322 tons having arrived from, and of 19,441 tons having cleared to those places.
Captains NAPIER and CARPENTER, R.N., in H. M. S. Magpie having completed their survey of the Coast of Hainan, and the Gulf of Tonquin, masters of vessels will find the navigation of the waters about the dangerous Sandbanks which almost block the approaches to Hainan, much facilitated, and Shipmasters cannot be too grateful to the Captains and Officers of the Magpie for their valuable and laborious services.
Siam shows an increase of 18,770 tons from, and of 12,185 tons to that Country. An increase of the trade between the Colony and the United States of America is also observable, 18,454 more tous having arrived from, and 8,915 more tons having cleared for those States than was the case in 1880.
JUNK TRADE.
7. 24,339 Junks and 1,680,025 tons arrived in the Colony in 1881, as against 23,920 Junks and 1,650,258 tons arrived in 1880, shewing an increase of 419 Junks and 29,767 tons. There is an increase of 46,436 tons in the trade with the Coast of China and Formosa, and a decrease of 16,669 tons with Macao.
South Australia,.
Straits Settlements, Sumatra, Vancouver's Island,. Victoria,
West Indies,..
156
9,790 7,743 9,623 15,158 16,254 15,029 20,630 16,421 31,145 36,545 178,338 1,151 3,149
448 322
155
203
142
156 661 265 355 282 435
144 206
409
526 418
2,671 322
TOTAL,... 22,443 28,768 31,86648,152 46,350 39,741 38,653 39,529 50,324|70,825 410,461
NUMBERS IN.
TOTAL
COUNTRIES ARRIVED FROM
IN THE LAST 10
California, U.A.S.
1872. 1873. 1874. 1876. 1876. 1877. 1879. 1879. 1880.
3,721 5,724 7,454 5,503 6,871 7,130 6,011 6,800 7,135
1881.
YEARS.
7,939 64,388
Cuba.....
58
58
New South Wales,
404
557 371
673 190
385 297 903
New Zealand,
190
284
322 233
136
145
60
634 84 180
706 5,190
81
Oregon, U.S.A.
538
231
469
304
834
330
858 514
330
1,717 4,488
68
92
40
172
151
$23
Philippine Islands,
3,236
3,438 3,694
Queensland,
4,811 4,960 1,292
4,437
5,173
2,346 2,667
2,458
Sandwich Islands,
719
968 1,244
30 1,840
111
4,037 795 101 107 497
2,977 1,475 2,802 2,537
3,107 4,016 23 401 090
8,272 820
835 1,621 21,780 883 1,997
Peru,....
diam,
South Australia, Straits Settlements, Victoria,
97,958 688 10,996
14,547 18,462 10,117 23,386 | 25,972 | 30,088 29,775 32,775 33,901 36,950 259,963
202
46 127 345 405 209 314 2,824
609 117 340
TOTAL 23,773 25,355 32,319 38,502 42,390 48,746 47,882 50,542 51,011 (52,988 413,503
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